İndiki bitmiş zamana xarakterik olan bir sıra sözlər mövcuddur. Aşağıda onların mənaların və işlənmə qaydalarını nəzərdən keçirək:
just = qısa bir vaxt əvvəl
A: Are Diane and Paul here?
B: Yes, they've just arrived.
A: Are you hungry?
B: No, I've just had dinner.
A: Is Tom here?
B: No, I'm afraid he's just gone. (= he has just gone)
already = gözləniləndən əvvəl
A: What time are Diane and Paul coming?
B: They've already arrived. (= before you expected)
It's only nine o'clock and Ann has already gone to bed. (= before I expected)
A: John, this is Mary.
B: Yes, I know. We've already met.
yet = hələ də
Yet həm inkar cümlələrində, həm də sual cümlələrində istifadə oluna bilər. Əsasən cümlənin sonunda işlənir.
İnkar cümlələrində:
A: Are Diane and Paul here?
B: No, they haven't arrived yet. (but B expects Diane and Paul to arrive soon)
A: Does John know that you're going away?
B: No, I haven't told him yet. (but B is going to tell him soon)
Margaret has bought a new dress but she hasn't worn it yet.
Sual cümlələrində:
A: Have Diane and Paul arrived yet?
B: No, not yet. We're still waiting for them.
A: Has Linda started her new job yet?
B: No, she starts next week.
A: This is my new dress.
B: Oh, it's nice. Have you worn it yet?
It is 10 o'clock now.
I got up 2 hours ago, at 8 o'clock.
An hour ago it was 9 o'clock.
I lived in Ganja for two years. I lived there from 2006 to 2008.
last year / last week / last Saturday next year / next week / next summer
It is July now.
Last month it was June.
Next month it will be August.
İndiki, keçmiş və gələcək zamanla bağlı sözlərdən istifadə edərkən müvafiq zaman formalarından istifadə olunur:
In the past people didn't have television.
People may travel to Mars in the future.
I'll be with you in a moment. (= a very short time)
Jane's in Paris at the moment. (= now)
See you soon! (= in a short time)
We met recently. (= not long ago)
Tezlik bildirən zərflər:
Aşağıda hərəkətlərin tezliyini bildirən zərfliklər daha tezdən daha gecə doğru düzülmüşdür:
always -- həmişə
usually -- adətən
often -- tez-tez
sometimes -- bəzən
now and then -- hərdən bir
ocassionally -- təsadüfən
not often -- elə də tez-tez yox
hardly ever -- çox az
rarely -- nadir hallarda
never -- heç vaxt
It always snows in Russia in winter. It often rains in Britain.
The temperature in London hardly ever gets to 35°. (= almost never)
The Ancient Romans never went to America or Australia.
once (= one time) a week: I go swimming once a week, every Saturday.
twice (= two times) a day: I clean my teeth twice a day.
three times a year: I see my uncle three times a year.
four times a month: I play football four or five times a month.